Ethiopia's Christian population, at 6 million in 1900, will grow to a projected 100 million in 2050. )arable land: 15.2% (2018 est. Islam plays an important role in the daily lives of the Muslims of Bangladesh (about 88% of Bangladesh's population). Video: Counting Ethiopia's War Dead. 2 0 obj Administrative Division. endobj )agricultural: 9.687 billion cubic meters (2017 est. Deadline for applications: 04.11.2021:Objective. It has 31.8 million first language speakers and around 25 million second language speakers (out of a total population of 115 million people). [37] Yekuno Amlak paid back this favor when the Sultan of Shewa appealed to him to put down an insurrection in Showa. On this Wikipedia the language links are at the top of the page across from the article title. ), total: 5.1% (2020 est. The U.S. government estimates the total population at 111.5 million (midyear 2019 estimate). The Kingdom of Aksum in present-day Ethiopia and Eritrea was one of the first Christian countries in the world, having officially adopted Christianity as the state religion in the 4th century. make up the remaining 0.6%. Between 1982 and 1991 there was a new wave of migration to the West for family reunification. 2007 census, 2022 projection A survey by the Pew Forum on Religion and Public Life, "Tolerance and Tension: Islam and Christianity in Sub-Saharan Africa," helps highlight a number of aspects Ethiopian culture.1 The study does not differentiate between Catholics and other Christians, but provides a useful frame for understanding Catholicism in Ethiopia. In Nigeria, the population in 1900 included 4.2 million Muslims and 180,000 Christians. The ruling party, the Prosperity Party, was created by Prime Minister ABIY in November 2019 from member parties of the former Ethiopian Peoples Revolutionary Democratic Front (EPRDF), which included the Amhara Democratic Party (ADP), Oromo Democratic Party (ODP), Southern Ethiopian People's Democratic Movement (SEPDM), plus other EPRDF-allied parties such as the Afar National Democratic Party (ANDP), Benishangul Gumuz Peoples Democratic Party (BGPDP), Gambella Peoples Democratic Movement (GPDM), Somali Peoples Democratic Party (SPDP), and the Harari National League (HNL). Ethiopia aims to reach lower-middle-income status by 2025. ), improved: urban: 98.5% of populationrural: 70.2% of populationtotal: 76.4% of populationunimproved: urban: 1.5% of populationrural: 29.8% of populationtotal: 23.6% of population (2020 est. . Christian, 33.9% identified as Muslim and 18.5% identified as Protestant Christian . The rising age of marriage and the increasing proportion of women remaining single have contributed to fertility reduction. ), improved: urban: 52.5% of populationrural: 8.1% of populationtotal: 17.7% of populationunimproved: urban: 47.5% of populationrural: 91.9% of populationtotal: 82.3% of population (2020 est. The modern name Ethiopia is from the Greek term Aethiopia used to translate Kush, and was applied to all of Sub-Saharan Africa, including what is now Sudan, but with a few classical geographers giving more detailed descriptions of present-day Ethiopia and Eritrea (e.g. 40% of young women are married before their 18th birthday and Ethiopia is home to 15 million child brides, of whom 6 million are below the age of 15. (1984), 1994, 2007 census, 2022 projection. )imports: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. [12] Some Israeli and Jewish scholars consider these Ethiopian Jews as a historical Lost Tribe of Israel (SOURCE NEEDED). It was part of the Coptic Orthodox Church until 1959, and is the only pre-colonial Orthodox church in Sub-Saharan Africa. March 5, 2021 12:12 PM ET. used to collect data. Typically, persecution varies depending upon where one lives. Islam is also the official religion of this country, which has one of the largest Muslim . Visit the Definitions and Notes page to view a description of each topic. [citation needed], An estimated 2.6% of Ethiopia's population adheres to various traditional faiths, according to the 2007 census (down from 4.6% in the 1994 census data). With about 40 percent of the population below the age of 15 and a fertility rate of 4 children per woman (and even higher in rural areas), Ethiopia will have to make further progress in meeting its family planning needs if it is to achieve the age structure necessary for reaping a demographic dividend in the coming decades. Title: Child Protection Information Management System Officer Location: Dima, Ethiopia Employment Category: H2 Reporting To: CP/ECCD Team Leader. . While the UN's 2021 revision is also now . In Ethiopia, it is customary for large crowds to gather on the last week of November at the country's holiest site, the Church of St Mary of Zion in Axum.Every year, followers of the ancient Ethiopian Orthodox faith, who constitute roughly 60% of the population, join each other to celebrate the presence of the Ark of the Covenant in what is one of Ethiopia's most important religious . By CARA ANNA, DAVID KEYTON and NAT CASTANEDA November 15, 2021 GMT. [ONLINE] Available at: Hassan, Gamal (2008). ), household consumption: 69.6% (2017 est. Education Statistics 2006. As of 1 January 2023, the population of Ethiopia was estimated to be 122,365,736 people. The name "Ethiopia" (Hebrew Kush) is mentioned in the Bible numerous times (thirty-seven times in the King James version). The 2019 population density in Ethiopia is 112 people per Km 2 (290 people per mi 2 ), calculated on a total land area of 1,000,000 Km2 (386,102 sq. . )crude oil and lease condensate exports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. A number of towns (such as Awassa, Nazareth, Mekele, Zway and Shashemenie) and rural areas in Oromia and the Southern Nations, Nationalities, and People's Region (SNNPR) have active and growing Bah communities. ), general assessment: has been one of the last in Africa to allow its national telco a monopoly on all telecom services including fixed, mobile, internet and data communications; this has stifled innovation, restricted network expansion, and limited the scope of services on offer; the World Bank in early 2021 provided a $200 million loan to help develop the countrys digital transformation, while the government has embarked on its 2020-2030 program as well as its Digital Ethiopia 2025 strategy, both aimed at making better use of digital technologies to promote socioeconomic development (2021)domestic: fixed-line subscriptions at about 1 per 100 while mobile-cellular stands at a little over 39 per 100; the number of mobile telephones is increasing steadily (2020)international: country code - 251; open-wire to Sudan and Djibouti; microwave radio relay to Kenya and Djibouti; 2 domestic satellites provide the national trunk service; satellite earth stations - 3 Intelsat (1 Atlantic Ocean and 2 Pacific Ocean) (2016)note: the COVID-19 pandemic continues to have a significant impact on production and supply chains globally; since 2020, some aspects of the telecom sector have experienced a downturn, particularly in mobile device production; progress toward 5G implementation has resumed, as well as upgrades to infrastructure; consumer spending on telecom services has increased due to the surge in demand for capacity and bandwidth; the crucial nature of telecom services as a tool for work and school from home is still evident, and the spike in this area has seen growth opportunities for development of new tools and increased services, 6 public TV stations broadcasting nationally and 10 public radio broadcasters; 7 private radio stations and 19 community radio stations (2017), total: 27,591,260 (2020 est. Many different actorsthe national military, as well as the Eritrean military, militias from Ethiopia's Amhara region, and . The Emperor himself was the defender of the Ethiopian Orthodox Church, that also has a concept of Zion, although it represents a unique and complex concept, referring figuratively to St. Mary, but also to Ethiopia as a bastion of Christianity surrounded by Muslims and other religions, much like Mount Zion in the Bible[citation needed]. Infant, child, and maternal mortality have fallen sharply over the past decade, but the total fertility rate has declined more slowly and the population continues to grow. Islam > Percentage Muslim: Percent of Muslims in each country. [3] Ethiopia is the site of the first hijra in Islamic history and the oldest Muslim settlement in Africa at Negash. Their existence was not widely known to the outside world for many years, and they likewise were not aware of other Jewish groups outside of their own community. Meanwhile, there has been a sharp increase in the percentage of Americans with no religion, which was less than 5% from through the early 1970s, rose to 10% by 2002 and was 21% in 2021. The regions of Ethiopia as well as all cities and towns with more than 20,000 inhabitants. Moreover, the largest portion of non-Arab companions of Muhammad belonged to Ethiopian ethnic groups. [24] The Association of Religion Data Archives estimated that there were around 23,000 Bah adherents in 2010. The most recent census, conducted in 2007, estimated 44 percent of the population adheres to the EOTC, 34 percent are Sunni Muslim, and 19 percent belong to Christian evangelical and Pentecostal groups. [28][full citation needed], Freedom of religion is provided by the constitution of 1995, and freedom of worship had also been guaranteed by the 1930 and 1955 Constitutions of Ethiopia, although in certain localities this principle is not always respected in practice. F/qq4 *p0I6La~^}(5&_ILN]k-6u}yy}n41y.uTnxBRj"i@E`T|X4x+rd%Ru/dC$ )jFn(('5]Oe2HBF&\H-)(q*pJA}d7Jo. Overview. In general, most of the Christians (largely members of the non-Chalcedonian Ethiopian Orthodox Tewahedo Church) live in the highlands, while Muslims and adherents of traditional African religions tend to inhabit more lowland regions in the east and south of the country. The Ethiopian Enlishkenment African Philosophy: anAfrica Ethiopian Milosophy: developed in 17th C, unlike restor sub- "People hastily acceptwhat they Saharan Africa in have heard fromtheir fathere and. )investment in inventories: -0.1% (2017 est. )percent of population: 24% (2020 est. )hydroelectricity: 95.8% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Christianity was introduced to Ethiopia in the 4th century, and the Ethiopian Orthodox Church (called Tewahdo in Ethiopia) is one of the oldest organized Christian bodies in the world. The top ten countries account for 89% of all Orthodox Christians in the world. . <> 110 IGT-daughter (D), WW, 22 December 2014. Muslim > Muslim percentage of total population: Muslim percentage (%) of total population 2014 Pew Report. In the Pew study, 1% of Ethiopians identify as Catholic, 16% as . )crude oil estimated reserves: 400,000 barrels (2021 est. )exports: 0 metric tons (2020 est. Find the most relevant statistics and facts about Ethiopia. It is estimated that 62.8 percent of Ethiopians withdraw from meat products on an average of about 250 days of the year due to this religious belief. Date of Issue: 25.10.2021. Poverty, drought, political repression, and forced government resettlement have driven Ethiopias internal and external migration since the 1960s. ), China 17%, United States 16%, United Arab Emirates 8%, Saudi Arabia 6%, South Korea 5%, Germany 5% (2019), coffee, sesame seeds, gold, cut flowers, zinc (2019), $20.859 billion (2021 est.) The population of the sub cities of Addis Ababa. (approximately $950 million)0.7% of GDP (2017 est.) Roughly two-thirds of the Ethiopian population identifies as Christian and one-third is Muslim. ), municipal: 810 million cubic meters (2017 est. Religion in Ethiopia consists of a number of faiths. ; Ethiopia 2020 population is estimated at 114,963,588 people at mid year according to UN data. Adulis) as well. Ethiopia has close historical ties to all three of the world's major Abrahamic religions.Christians form the majority of the population. )note: data represents median age at first birth among women 20-49, 401 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. Ethiopia is a nation with many religions, Ethiopian orthodox being one of the oldest churches in the country.. . 1962 - Haile Selassie annexes Eritrea, which becomes . Population Size by Sex Zone and Wereda July 2022. [17] The writers of Ethiopia: a country study claimed that Islam made up 50% of the total population in 1991 based on the 1984 census commissioned by the Derg regime. The number for Ukraine, by the way, includes all groups claiming to be Orthodox. Ethiopia is a predominantly agricultural country nearly 80% of the population lives in rural areas that is in the early stages of demographic transition. Major Religion Percent ; Buddhism: 0.00 % Christianity (Evangelical 0.03 %) 0.14 % Ethnic Religions: 0.00 % Hinduism: 0.00 % Of the 61.6 %, 50.6 % are from the Ethiopian Orthodox Christians. Morgan Lee | March 3, 2021 . <> Unique among African countries, the ancient Ethiopian monarchy maintained its freedom from colonial rule with the exception of a short-lived Italian occupation from 1936 to 1941. Ethiopia is the oldest Christian state in the world and the country was said to be converted during the . [40] In the late fifteenth century Adal Sultanate invaded Abyssinia led by Imam Mahfuz, his defeat brought about the early 16th century Jihad of the Adalese Imam Ahmed Gran against Ethiopia, where several churches were demolished.[41]. )27.429 (2018 est. If recent progress is continued, prevalence of child marriage would drop to 20 per cent by 2030 and to below 10 percent by 2050. Kazakhstan, 4.5 million. )consumption: 0 cubic meters (2021 est. )transmission/distribution losses: 3.374 billion kWh (2019 est. 109 MoE. ), fossil fuels: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. 2023 World Percentage. )nuclear: 0% of total installed capacity (2020 est. Ethiopia is said to be one of the . )0.6% of GDP (2019 est.) . ), forest revenues: 5.81% of GDP (2018 est. In this video made by the channel "Statistics and Data" you can see the evolution of the data from 1945 to 2020. Moths Turned Eagles, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia; The National Spiritual Assembly of the Bahs of Ethiopia. Christianity is the predominant religion in Ethiopia with a total of 61.6% of the population. Other Beliefs in Ethiopia. Some adherents of the Bah Faith likewise exist in a number of urban and rural areas. The core characteristics and beliefs of the world's major religions are described below. In this regard, the CSA conducts, produces, disseminates and administers data generated from surveys and censuses in Ethiopia. In 2022 the natural increase was positive, as the number of births exceeded the number of deaths by 3,034,976. Internal and international trafficking of women and children for domestic work and prostitution is a growing problem. )subscriptions per 100 inhabitants: 1 (2020 est. Islam was in 2007 the second largest religion in Ethiopia with over 33.9% of the population. . )proven reserves: 0 metric tons (2019 est. [8][13] )32.53% of GDP (2018 est. [39] In the early fifteenth century Emperor Zara Yaqob invaded the Muslim state of Hadiya Sultanate and married the captured Hadiya princess Eleni which was condemned by Muslims. In December 2019 several mosques and Muslim owned businesses were attacked in the Christian dominated Amhara Region. The four standard measures of religious commitment . )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 5.64% (2021 est. Hospitals WHO supplied with Medical Kits in 2 Rounds in August 2021. stream [25] The Ethiopian community celebrated its diamond jubile in January 2009. [3] According to the government's most recent census from 2007, Christians constitute 62.8% of the total population, with the largest group being Ethiopian Orthodox Christians at 43.5%, followed by Protestants 18.6% and Catholics at 0.7%. )investment in fixed capital: 43.5% (2017 est. )other alcohols: 0.03 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Ethiopia Religion, Economy and Politics. Ethiopian Orthodox 43.8%, Muslim 31.3%, Protestant 22.8%, Catholic 0.7%, traditional 0.6%, other 0.8% (2016 est.). Meanwhile Sunni Muslims, who represent While the use of modern contraceptive methods among married women has increased significantly from 6 percent in 2000 to 27 percent in 2012, the overall rate is still quite low. At the time of the 2007 census, 43.5% of the population identified as Ethiopian. The church has long enjoyed a dominant role in the culture and politics of Ethiopia, having served as the official religion of the ruling elite until the demise of the monarchy in 1974. 108 IGT-F AW 27 February 2015. [15] and some belonging to various Sufi orders. Africa; Americas; . W. hen two men were shot dead by police on the night of 5 February in downtown Addis Ababa amidst confrontations triggered by the construction of a church that the authorities claimed was without proper permits, many Orthodox Christians in Ethiopia saw the incident as a continuation of a growing number of attacks against their religion over the past two years. conomic growth in Sub-Saharan Africa is set to decelerate from 4.1% in 2021 to 3.3 . ), electrification - total population: 47% (2019)electrification - urban areas: 96% (2019)electrification - rural areas: 34% (2019), installed generating capacity: 4.856 million kW (2020 est. Events in Tigray mirror some of the violations endured by . Islam Summi in fact surpassed in 2019 over 1 billion and 500 million people who practice it. This activity is expected to be a five-year program in the $10-25M range. Before the publication of the 2007 census results, however, the U.S. State Department estimated that "approximately 45 percent of the population is Sunni Muslim. gle religious denomination (44 percent), is particularly dominant in the Tigray and Amhara regions and in some parts of Oromia. Ethiopias rapid population growth is putting increasing pressure on land resources, expanding environmental degradation, and raising vulnerability to food shortages. Moldova, 3.7 million. A small Jewish community still exists in Ethiopia, although it is mostly composed of Falash Mura, Ethiopian Jews who converted to Christianity in the past, and as such have not been recognized as Jews by the State of Israel, but have returned to Judaism (the Falash Mura now number some 22,000). [11], The Kingdom of Aksum was one of the first nations to officially accept Christianity, when St. Frumentius of Tyre, called Fremnatos or Abba Selama ("Father of Peace") in Ethiopia, converted King Ezana during the 4th century AD. The Central Statistical Agency of Ethiopia (CSA) is responsible for the statistical data generation related to the socio-economic condition of the country. ), urban population: 23.2% of total population (2023)rate of urbanization: 4.4% annual rate of change (2020-25 est. xkSH{_[u[TBZlU],/&Bfu vv eezrm^x?jS~EzGeE_HRx 7 8py,.U^y7 B}$cGAJ_qt$8^{)1A_!Bxt 2021). ; Ethiopia population is equivalent to 1.47% of the total world population. ), conventional long form: Federal Democratic Republic of Ethiopiaconventional short form: Ethiopialocal long form: Ityop'iya Federalawi Demokrasiyawi Ripebliklocal short form: Ityop'iyaformer: Abyssinia, Italian East Africaabbreviation: FDREetymology: the country name derives from the Greek word "Aethiopia," which in classical times referred to lands south of Egypt in the Upper Nile region, name: Addis Ababageographic coordinates: 9 02 N, 38 42 Etime difference: UTC+3 (8 hours ahead of Washington, DC, during Standard Time)etymology: the name in Amharic means "new flower" and was bestowed on the city in 1889, three years after its founding, 11 ethnically based regional states (kililoch, singular - kilil) and 2 chartered cities* (astedader akabibiwach, singular - astedader akabibi); Adis Abeba* (Addis Ababa), Afar, Amara (Amhara), Binshangul Gumuz, Dire Dawa*, Gambela Hizboch (Gambela Peoples), Hareri Hizb (Harari People), Oromiya (Oromia), Sidama, Sumale (Somali), Tigray, YeDebub Biheroch Bihereseboch na Hizboch (Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples), YeDebub M'irab Ityop'iya Hizboch (Southwest Ethiopia Peoples), oldest independent country in Africa and one of the oldest in the world - at least 2,000 years (may be traced to the Aksumite Kingdom, which coalesced in the first century B.C. [22] In 1962, Ethiopia Bahs elected a National Spiritual Assembly. ), total subscriptions: 1.252 million (2020 est. #topreligioninethiopia #topreligion #dataplayerHelp to get 10. Christians form the majority of the population. )-$2.719 billion (2020 est. ), $2,300 (2021 est. Holy Trinity Ethiopian Orthodox Cathedral, Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus, Southern Nations, Nationalities and Peoples Region, travel to Ethiopia via modern-day Eritrea, "Population and Housing Census of 1994: Religion", Ethiopia: International Religious Freedom Report, 2007, Ethiopia: International Religious Freedom Report 2006, "Believers in Christ from a Muslim Background: A Global Census", https://web.archive.org/web/20090305231227/http://www.csa.gov.et/pdf/Cen2007_firstdraft.pdf, "The Bah Faith: 18441963: Information Statistical and Comparative, Including the Achievements of the Ten Year International Bah Teaching & Consolidation Plan 19531963", "North American Bah Choir in Ethiopia 2009", "Families and youth identified as keys to reducing poverty", "Five arrested for attack on mosques in Ethiopia's Amhara region", https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Religion_in_Ethiopia&oldid=1139836593, Short description is different from Wikidata, Articles with unsourced statements from May 2016, Articles containing potentially dated statements from 2016, All articles containing potentially dated statements, Articles with unsourced statements from February 2015, Articles with incomplete citations from February 2015, Wikipedia articles incorporating text from the World Factbook, Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike License 3.0, This page was last edited on 17 February 2023, at 04:25. ), deforestation; overgrazing; soil erosion; desertification; loss of biodiversity; water shortages in some areas from water-intensive farming and poor management; industrial pollution and pesticides contribute to air, water, and soil pollution, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Ozone Layer Protectionsigned, but not ratified: Environmental Modification, Law of the Sea, Nuclear Test Ban, particulate matter emissions: 34.36 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. )15.81% (2019 est.). agriculture: 34.8% (2017 est. The Waaq religion is a traditional, monotheistic faith followed mainly by the Cushitic ethnic group in the far eastern . Powered by a $48 million partnership, the two organizations and several other consortium partners will leverage their combined experience and expertise to co-create and replicate Gebeya's . A constitution was adopted in 1994, and Ethiopia's first multiparty elections were held in 1995. Among these mainly Abrahamic religions, the most numerous is Christianity (Ethiopian Orthodoxy, P'ent'ay, Roman Catholic) totaling at 67.3%, followed by Islam at 31.3%. Includes U.S. and international data, reports, and maps. <>/ExtGState<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageB/ImageC/ImageI] >>/MediaBox[ 0 0 612 792] /Contents 4 0 R/Group<>/Tabs/S/StructParents 0>> A subsequent 2007 Eritrea-Ethiopia Boundary Commission (EEBC) demarcation was rejected by Ethiopia. Addis Ababa. Addis Ababa, Ethiopia's capital city, is home to about 443,821 Muslims or 16.2%. Both Orthodox and Protestant Christianity have large representations in southern and western Ethiopia. The data were entered using Epi info version 7.0 and analyzed using SPSS version 25. The declining global economic growth rate from 6.2% in 2021 to 3.4% in 2022, as well as the rise in the global headline inflation to 8.8% in advanced countries and 14.4% within member countries of . Ethiopia is one of the world's most religious countries in the world, and its capital city is no different. According to the Barnabas Fund, 55 churches were torched in March 2011 in the Jimma Zone by Muslims after a dispute. )industrial: 51.1 million cubic meters (2017 est. )forest: 12.2% (2018 est. NTIA is requesting comments on the $2.75 billion Digital Equity Act of 2021 Program, and on the design and implementation of two components of that grant program: the $1.44 billion State Digital Equity Capacity Grant Program and the $1.25 billion Digital Equity Competitive Grant Program. f'm0 Hn"o_y'NG`K'_b,{?/g ]~:Pp`{_Y|?y7b#w_xqep\{'>o;|K@D.Pq;J!h~Rng^ e o|cd]1D{TP9n%-h \{-\-wmyL{Wu][|SlR>,kzM}y/p!o.\/358FjW>nwGuC#/^l#v j/nKMAE^K\USVm|emTqV(WP^\F/!@$C5f,]+I%!FkDvH|/Xo {+Sl+|n5njoA1upV5L+se MriP5=)bt&r 2F?r ,,I:k F/Jx4Q Ethiopia's rapid population growth is putting increasing pressure on land resources, expanding environmental degradation, and raising vulnerability to food shortages. Their religion became synchronized . [30] Haile Selassie actually came to power during the rise of opposition to Muslims in government positions. 1935-1941 - Italy deposes Emperor Haile Selassie and annexes Ethiopia, before being driven out by British, Commonwealth and Ethiopian forces. 22 March 2021. Ethiopia has close historical ties to all three of the world's major Abrahamic religions. [20] Mr. Sabri Elais, then a 27-year-old Bah' from Alexandria, Egypt, introduced the Bah Faith to Ethiopia in 1933. An ethnic Amhara group has a separate list of almost 2,000 but experts say that's just a small fraction of the real toll. 4 0 obj Hindu, on the other hand, is at 1 billion 160 . [7], According to the government's 1994 census (which the CIA World Factbook follows), 61.6% of the Ethiopian population was Christian: 50.6% of the total were Ethiopian Orthodox, 10.1% were various Protestant denominations (such as P'ent'ay and the Lutheran Ethiopian Evangelical Church Mekane Yesus), and Roman Catholics constituted 0.9% of the population). description: bicameral Parliament consists of:House of Federation or Yefedereshein Mikir Bete (153 seats maximum; 144 seats current; members indirectly elected by state assemblies to serve 5-year terms)House of People's Representatives or Yehizb Tewokayoch Mekir Bete (547 seats maximum; 470 seats current; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote; 22 seats reserved for minorities; all members serve 5-year terms)elections: House of Federation - last held 4 October 2021 (next expected 31 October 2026)House of People's Representatives - last held in two parts on 21 June 2021 and 30 September 2021 (next election expected 30 June 2026)election results: House of Federation - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - NA; composition - men 100, women 44, percent of women 30.6%House of Representatives - percent of vote by coalition/party - NA; seats by coalition/party - Prosperity Party 454, NAMA 5, EZEMA 4, Gedeo People's Democratic organization 2, Kucha People Democratic Party 1, independent 4; composition - men 275, women 195, percent of women 41.5%; note - total Parliament percent of women 38.9%notes: House of Federation is responsible for interpreting the constitution and federal-regional issues and the House of People's Representatives is responsible for passing legislation; percent of vote percentages are calculated on the number of members actually seated versus on the constitutional maximums, highest court(s): Federal Supreme Court (consists of 11 judges); note - the House of Federation has jurisdiction for all constitutional issuesjudge selection and term of office: president and vice president of Federal Supreme Court recommended by the prime minister and appointed by the House of People's Representatives; other Supreme Court judges nominated by the Federal Judicial Administrative Council (a 10-member body chaired by the president of the Federal Supreme Court) and appointed by the House of People's Representatives; judges serve until retirement at age 60subordinate courts: federal high courts and federal courts of first instance; state court systems (mirror structure of federal system); sharia courts and customary and traditional courts, House of People's Representatives:Ethiopian Citizens for Social Justice and Democracy or EZEMA [BERHANU Nega] Gedeo People's Democratic PartyIndependentKucha People Democratic PartyNational Movement of Amhara or NAMAProsperity Party or PPnote: Ethiopia has over fifty national-level and regional-level political parties.