The Nigerian Air force is currently headed by Air Marshal Isiaka Oladayo Amao. [32], In December 1983, the new Major General Muhammadu Buhari regime announced that Nigeria could no longer afford an activist anti-colonial role in Africa. ), fossil fuels: 78.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. The federal government is the top notch level of government in the Nigerian government structure. Military rule is based on fear because they possessed weapons of coercion especially the gun. salary structure and wages, Government in all level must fight corrupt leaders, Immunity clause should be removed in the constitution of the federal )253.492 (2016 est. Before January 1966, the various regions in Nigeria had different system of governments, at the grassroot level. MEASURES THAT CAN BE TAKEN TO PREVENT MILITARY INTERVENTION IN NIGERIAS POLITICS. Nigeria is a federal presidential representative democratic republic, whereby the President is both head of state and head of government, and of a multiparty system. In ancient and pre-colonial times, the area of present-day Nigeria was occupied by a great diversity of ethnic groups with different languages and traditions. The first one was in 1986, just a year after Ibrahim Babangida was sworn into power, Major General Mamman Vatsa had led a coup to overthrow the government of President Babangida but this coup failed. The arms of government can be referred to as the branches of government in Nigeria. by . [26], The Nigerian Navy (NN) is the sea branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces. The civil war greatly increased this military presence: because of the war, the armed forces were . )other alcohols: 3.27 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Military regimes are by their nature autocratic; they are insensitive to the opinions or the demands of the people. NA, serious overpopulation and rapid urbanization have led to numerous environmental problems; urban air and water pollution; rapid deforestation; soil degradation; loss of arable land; oil pollution - water, air, and soil have suffered serious damage from oil spills, party to: Biodiversity, Climate Change, Climate Change-Kyoto Protocol, Climate Change-Paris Agreement, Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban, Desertification, Endangered Species, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Marine Dumping-London Convention, Marine Dumping-London Protocol, Marine Life Conservation, Nuclear Test Ban, Ozone Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Wetlandssigned, but not ratified: Tropical Timber 2006, particulate matter emissions: 48.73 micrograms per cubic meter (2016 est. Government Structure In 1999, after decades of intermittent military control, Nigeria adopted constitutional reforms that reinstated a civilian government. Nigerias population is projected to grow from more than 186 million people in 2016 to 392 million in 2050, becoming the worlds fourth most populous country. They have the following duties to perform: Now, lets talk about the arms of government in Nigeria. )note: data are in 2017 dollars, 16.95% (2021 est. )$1.032 trillion (2019 est. )industrial: 1.965 billion cubic meters (2017 est. The coup plotters were later arrested and duly executed. You can learn more about how we use cookies by visiting our privacy policy page. Use our classwork notes and past questions to prepare and pass Waec, Jamb and Neco once. It is ranked last in the world on the UN Development Programme's Human Development Index. Students preparing for Government examination (WAEC/NECO/GCE) are advised to read ahead without been limited by a timetable. [30], There is a Joint Task Force in the Niger Delta region designated-- "Restore Hope". After these failed coups, there was an alleged coup attempt but it seemed the government of Babangida at this point had decided to concede to the pressure of handover. note: data are in current year dollars$39.937 billion (2020 est.) Abdullahi Abacha, the 36-year-old son of the late Nigerian military dictator, Sani Abacha, is . )services: 56.4% (2017 est. People Ive done 10yrs studying this, just did in 10mins, Oasdom.com 2015 - 2022 Blogten Limited, The Nigerian Government Structure Explained, The Top 10 Best Colleges In UK (QS Ranking), Top 51 Best University In Nigeria (Latest), The history of Abuja How it was created, List of all Nigerian presidents from 1960 till date, creation of the 36 state and capital in Nigeria, The History and Impacts of Military Rule in Nigeria, Updated list of 20 local governments in Lagos state and their wards, History of Military Rule in Nigeria Causes and Impacts, Nigerian taxation and tax system explained, Nigerian Government revenue allocation and sharing formula, The relationship between the three tiers of government in Nigeria. Reasons for Military Intervention in Nigeria, C. The Structure of Military Rule in Nigeria, D. Achievements of the Military Rule in Nigeria, E. The Weakness or Failures of the Military Regime in Nigeria, I love this.I gain knowledge everday and New things. ), total petroleum production: 1,646,900 bbl/day (2021 est. These federal ministries are civil service departments responsible for carrying out different types of government services. These divisions are referred to as the 3 tiers of government and the Nigerian government is divided into three levels which include: Now, lets quickly talk about these three tiers of government in Nigeria. National Mass Media Commission; 5. In doing so, it played an appreciable part in reinforcing the military's nearly first-among-equals status within Nigerian society, and the linked decline in military effectiveness. There were 9 casualties as a result of this attempt. ), 20.4 years (2018 est. National and state elections in 2011 and 2015 were generally regarded as credible. It is always recommended to visit an institution's official website for more information. The military history of Nigeria since the colonial rule began precisely on the 1 st October 1966. The Nigerian Air Force was formally established in January 1964, with technical assistance from West Germany. The 30-month long civil war, which ended in January 1970, resulted in 1-3 million . In 1990, another coup was staged to unseat the Military Head. Immigration largely of West Africans continues to be insufficient to offset emigration and the loss of highly skilled workers. [14][15], In spite of these challenges to its operational readiness, the Nigerian Armed Forces have committed to a number of wide-ranging modernization programs to bolster the discipline and firepower of its troops. The National Defence Council has been in existence since 1979 and advises the President on matters relating to the armed forces. Jimi Peters, 'The Nigerian Military and the State,' 1997. )consumption: 24,611,480,000 kWh (2019 est. Im just going to give a quick list here. document.getElementById( "ak_js_1" ).setAttribute( "value", ( new Date() ).getTime() ); Passnownow.com digitally democratizes access to education content for Nigerian Students and Teachers. The Council of Ministers: This consists of the President, Vice President and the ministers some of whom were military officers, while others were politicians. ), fresh water lake(s): Lake Chad (endorheic lake shared with Niger, Chad, and Cameroon) - 10,360-25,900 sq kmnote - area varies by season and year to year, Niger river mouth (shared with Guinea [s], Mali, Benin, and Niger) - 4,200 kmnote [s] after country name indicates river source; [m] after country name indicates river mouth, Atlantic Ocean drainage: Niger (2,261,741 sq km)Internal (endorheic basin) drainage: Lake Chad (2,497,738 sq km), Lake Chad Basin, Lullemeden-Irhazer Aquifer System, largest population of any African nation; significant population clusters are scattered throughout the country, with the highest density areas being in the south and southwest as shown in this population distribution map, the Niger River enters the country in the northwest and flows southward through tropical rain forests and swamps to its delta in the Gulf of Guinea, Hausa 30%, Yoruba 15.5%, Igbo (Ibo) 15.2%, Fulani 6%, Tiv 2.4%, Kanuri/Beriberi 2.4%, Ibibio 1.8%, Ijaw/Izon 1.8%, other 24.9% (2018 est. Since then, in its top-level positions, the country has been ruled by military or police officers, with one solitary civilian governor in the Ibo East Central State. ), nairas (NGN) per US dollar -358.811 (2020 est. )spirits: 0.4 liters of pure alcohol (2019 est. Smaller army forces have been previously sent on UN and ECOWAS deployments in the former Yugoslavia, Guinea-Bissau, and Sierra Leone. [7], The Nigerian Armed Forces were established in 1960 as the successor to the combat units of the Royal West African Frontier Force stationed in the country, which had previously served as the British Empire's multi-battalion field force, during Nigeria's protectorate period. Interestingly, the Ernest Shonekan led administration had been set up as an interim government due to pressures on the Babangida led administration from both international and local quarters. In 1999, a new constitution was adopted and a peaceful transition to civilian government was completed. )biomass and waste: 0.1% of total installed capacity (2020 est. )from consumed natural gas: 36.856 million metric tonnes of CO2 (2019 est. This coup was led by Major General Gideon Orkah but it failed again. Section 217-220 of the 1999 Constitution of Nigeria thus addresses the Nigerian Armed Forces: The Nigerian Army (NA) is the land branch of the Nigerian Armed Forces and the largest among the armed forces. This includes the acquisition of new armored vehicles, combat aircraft and aerial reconnaissance drones, and the refurbishing of naval vessels, which had suffered from a prolonged periods of poor or minimal maintenance. The president appoints his ministers; and these ministers make up his cabinet. Save my name, email, and website in this browser for the next time I comment. Olusegun Obasanjo, who by 1999, had become president, bemoaned the fact in his inaugural address that year: " Professionalism has been lost my heart bleeds to see the degradation in the proficiency of the military. note: data are in current year dollars$100.82 billion (2019 est.) The council performs executive functions with the President as the Chairman. The Air Force started as a transport unit, with the aircrew being trained in Canada, Ethiopia and Pakistan. With a restoration of democracy, Nigerians are very much determined to sustain it and make the future generation proud to be a part of this great nation. )note: data represents median age at first birth among women 25-49, 917 deaths/100,000 live births (2017 est. Mismanagement and wastage of public funds. This led to the execution of Mamman Vatsa and 10 other military officers that same year. note: data are in current year dollars$72.178 billion (2020 est.) Muhammadu BUHARI (since 29 May 2015); Vice President Oluyemi "Yemi" OSINBAJO (since 29 May 2015)cabinet: Federal Executive Council appointed by the president but constrained constitutionally to include at least one member from each of the 36 stateselections/appointments: president directly elected by qualified majority popular vote and at least 25% of the votes cast in 24 of Nigeria's 36 states; president elected for a 4-year term (eligible for a second term); election last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)election results: Muhammadu BUHARI elected president; percent of vote - Muhammadu BUHARI (APC) 53%, Atiku ABUBAKAR (PDP) 39%, other 8% (2019), description: bicameral National Assembly consists of:Senate (109 seats - 3 each for the 36 states and 1 for Abuja-Federal Capital Territory; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)House of Representatives (360 seats; members directly elected in single-seat constituencies by simple majority vote to serve 4-year terms)elections: Senate - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)House of Representatives - last held on 23 February 2019 (next to be held on 25 February 2023)election results: Senate - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 65, PDP 39, YPP 1, TBD 3; composition - men 101, women 8, percent of women 7.3%House of Representatives - percent of vote by party - NA; seats by party - APC 217, PDP 115, other 20, TBD 8; composition - men 347, women 13, percent of women 3.6%; note - total National Assembly percent of women 4.5%, highest court(s): Supreme Court (consists of the chief justice and 15 justices)judge selection and term of office: judges appointed by the president upon the recommendation of the National Judicial Council, a 23-member independent body of federal and state judicial officials; judge appointments confirmed by the Senate; judges serve until age 70subordinate courts: Court of Appeal; Federal High Court; High Court of the Federal Capital Territory; Sharia Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; Customary Court of Appeal of the Federal Capital Territory; state court system similar in structure to federal system, Accord Party or ACC [Mohammad Lawal MALADO]Africa Democratic Congress or ADC [Ralph Okey NWOSU]All Progressives Congress or APC [Abdullahi ADAMU]All Progressives Grand Alliance or APGA [Victor Ike OYE]Labor Party or LP [Julius ABURE]Peoples Democratic Party or PDP [Iyourchia AYU]Young Progressive Party or YPP [Bishop AMAKIRI], ACP, AfDB, ATMIS, AU, C, CD, D-8, ECOWAS, EITI (compliant country), FAO, G-15, G-24, G-77, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICC (national committees), ICCt, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, IHO, ILO, IMF, IMO, IMSO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, IPU, ISO, ITSO, ITU, ITUC (NGOs), LCBC, MIGA, MINURSO, MINUSMA, MNJTF, MONUSCO, NAM, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OPEC, PCA, UN, UNAMID, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNHCR, UNIDO, UNIFIL, UNISFA, UNITAR, UNMIL, UNMISS, UNOCI, UNWTO, UPU, WCO, WFTU (NGOs), WHO, WIPO, WMO, WTO, chief of mission: Ambassador Uzoma Elizabeth EMENIKE (since 7 July 2021)chancery: 3519 International Court NW, Washington, DC 20008telephone: [1] (202) 800-7201 (ext. Protection of the country from external and internal threats. The federal level is presided over by the President. The military history of Nigeria since the colonial rule began precisely on the 1 st October 1966. Also, 3 soldiers were kidnapped in the course of the coup. )crude oil and lease condensate imports: 0 bbl/day (2018 est. Unlike the Senate, the seats at the House of Representatives are not equally shared between the states. 1922 - Part of . [11], Today, the NAF faces a number of domestic challenges which continue to undermine stability within Nigeria and the region as a whole. Gowon was succeeded by Muritala Mohammed but his administration was also shortlived and in February 1976, General Muritala Mohammed was assassinated by Buka Suka Dimka in a violent coup attempt. )13.25% (2020 est. )agricultural: 5.51 billion cubic meters (2017 est. Shortly after its formation, the NAF was engaged in combat operations against the secessionist state of Biafra, during the Nigerian Civil War from 1967 to 1970. Regionalism was introduced to the Nigeria system by the Richards Constitution. We may share your site usage data with our social media, advertising, and analytics partners for these reasons. And thats it. Nigeria needs to harness the potential of its burgeoning youth population in order to boost economic development, reduce widespread poverty, and channel large numbers of unemployed youth into productive activities and away from ongoing religious and ethnic violence. note: data are in current year dollars$69.927 billion (2019 est.) After this coup, Lt Colonel Yakubu Gowon was sworn in to power. Student Guides This is a lesson from the tutorial, West-African Constitutional Development and you are encouraged to log Provision of amenities which include public education, affordable quality healthcare, electricity, affordable housing, good roads, and other utilities. The executive arm of the Nigerian government structure is responsible for the implementation and maintenance of law, among other responsibilities. Failure of the elections conducted by the civilian Government in 1965 and 1983 brought about the military intervention. While most movement of Nigerians is internal, significant emigration regionally and to the West provides an outlet for Nigerians looking for economic opportunities, seeking asylum, and increasingly pursuing higher education. Each state has its local government areas into which it is divided into. )other: 12.5% (2018 est. Each state has a governor that can serve for 4 years in a term. From 1966 to 1999, Nigeria experienced a series of military coups, excluding the short-lived second republic between 1979 and 1983. Get on our mailing list. The Army has demonstrated its capability to mobilize, deploy, and sustain brigade-sized forces in support of peacekeeping operations in Liberia. )306.921 (2019 est. [8] In the years following the civil war, the Nigerian Armed Forces were halved in size from its post-war height to approximately 125,000 men. The training command headquarters are located in Lagos, the commercial capital of Nigeria, but with training facilities spread all over Nigeria. Corruption has historically weakened the Nigerian military's capacity to face internal security threats, and is cited as being responsible for the continued longevity of rebels and terrorists operating throughout the nation.