banana dna extraction lab report conclusion

5. Banana and Strawberry image by Ralph Daily via Wikimedia Commons. 9 How does detergent help to break down DNA? Step 2: Put the banana into a bag. DNA molecules are long, slender molecules that carry the heritable information of organisms on to future generations. Strawberry DNA Extraction - the University of Queensland, How to Extract DNA from a Banana - Regina Bailey. 0000000936 00000 n 4. Three heaping teaspoons of the banana mixture that was made in the beginning of the experiment was then added to the shampoo, salt, and water solution and mixed with a spoon for five to ten minutes. With However, you may visit "Cookie Settings" to provide a controlled consent. What properties do bases have? Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. 0000040445 00000 n % Save time and let our verified experts help you. This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. You can use it as an example when writing % Studying DNA is one way scientists learn about what is necessary for life. The coffee filter was specifically placed in the cup so that it did not touch the bottom. Although nowadays very few errors are made due to scientists using biotechnology equipment that allows them to look at DNA to see exactly how organisms are different, and find out how they work. You are looking at DNA! There are four types of nucleotides which vary depending on the four nitrogenous bases of the molecule. The white DNA could be seen precipitating out of the alcohol layer. The remaining two bases, cytosine and thymine, are known as pyrimidines. /Subtype /Image My 2 0 obj We are able to properly and successfully extract DNA from banana using cell disruption and separation techniques. If I mash up a living organism , then I can isolate the DNA . First, the cell must be broken open to release the During the procedure of the lab, a ratio of one banana per one cup (250 milliliters) of distilled water had to be mixed together in a blender. 6 : Group Bs Results Tan 1 1. the solution. Materials: Half a peeled banana distilled water plastic sealable bag or beaker plastic cup shampoo or dishwashing liquid table salt 2 Mar 2023. https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. DOCX, PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd, 80% found this document useful, Mark this document as useful, 20% found this document not useful, Mark this document as not useful, Save extracting dna from a banana experiment For Later. After stirring for five to ten minutes, the mixture of banana and shampoo was filtered by pouring it into the coffee filter and letting the solution drain for several minutes until there was approximately five milliliters of filtrate to test. DNA Extraction process DNA is an incredibly small molecule, but in large quantities, it can be seen. >> re$ease% !rom the ce$$. stream Then alcohol added to the solution causes the DNA to precipitate out. Pour the mix into the filter and let it sit until all of the liquid drips down into the cup. /Pages 3 0 R Place the banana onto a plate. /Type /XObject Type your requirements and I'll connect DNA is present in the cells of living oranisms. 7. LECTURER'S NAME: DR. LAM NYEE FAN. 1 2 . number: 206095338, E-mail us: These cookies help provide information on metrics the number of visitors, bounce rate, traffic source, etc. 20 mL DNA extraction buffer (15 g NaCl/ 1 L water) 1 mL liquid dishwashing detergent Ice -cold 95% ethanol or 95% isopropyl alcohol 1/3 banana . $4%&'()*56789:CDEFGHIJSTUVWXYZcdefghijstuvwxyz ? The four nitrogenous are A(adenine), G(guanine), T(thymine) and C(cytosine). * To properly and successfully extract DNA from banana using cell disruption and separation techniques. What do we have in common with the banana plant? Question 16 options: All of the above Improve crop production Improve disease resistance Generate new, 1 ________ is seen when ABCDEFGHI becomes ABCFEDGHI. All of the above steps were completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except DNA and small cell debris to filter through. 0000002648 00000 n /SM 0.02 An academic unit ofThe College of Liberal Arts and Sciences, You may need to edit author's name to meet the style formats, which are in most cases "Last name, First name. In order to extract DNA you must macerate a thumb sized piece of Banana in a zip lock bag.Then weigh out 1.0 gram of salt and 2.0 grams of meat tenderizer the continue maceratingMeasure out 9.0 mL of water and add to the bag.Then continue macerating.See Ms.Leavitt to get 1mL of detergent soap then continue macerating.Once a thick pace called Spin the stirrer it in place to start gathering the cloudy stuff. /Title () The cookies is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Necessary". The conical flasks was labelled S and SS. Need urgent help with your paper? Once extracted, DNA could be observed and inferences made about the nature of DNA, and then compare the differences between two DNA's amount. %%EOF The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Analytics". 4 0 obj Even though the procedures vary considerably, they involve three main steps: lysis of cell wall, cell membrane and nuclear membrane, isolation of DNA from other cell inclusions, and purification of the extracted DNA. DNA extraction is also the first step in genetic engineering of animals. Do "ot $et the 0$ter touch the bottom, m#xture so that there are two $ayers o! 0000039985 00000 n Place a very small sample of the extracted DNA on a microscope slide and place one drop of Aceto-orecin stain on the . (c) Or, slowly pour the alcohol down the inside of the test tube with a pasteur pipette or medicine dropper. This process was repeated for 4 times. DNA contains the instructions required to build each living thing. 5 0 obj 0 Community Solutions, The Mysterious Case of the Missing Periods, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/560/10/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/717/04/, http://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/747/08/, 1/2 peeled ripe banana (you can also use strawberries or other fruit), very cold rubbing alcohol (isopropyl alcohol) placed in freezer ahead of time. The bananas were mushed carefully to avoid the bag from breaking. In this biochemistry science project you will make your own DNA extraction kit from household materials and use it to purify DNA from strawberries. The positively charged sodium ions in the salt help protect the negatively charged phosphate groups that run along the backbone of the DNA. Write reflection paper about this question. It was established in 1953 by James Watson and Francis Crick that the two strands of their proposed double helis are exact complements of one another, such that the rings of the ladder always consists of either A=T, or G=C base pairs. The authors pay attention to genetic basis. This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. But with bananas, we share about 50 percent of our genes, which turns out to be only about 1 percent of our DNA, emails Mike Francis, a Ph. Potential of independent assortment in meiosis I C. They reside on different chromosomes D. One gene often. The cookie is set by the GDPR Cookie Consent plugin and is used to store whether or not user has consented to the use of cookies. Possible Materials and Equipment Measuring cup . surrogate signifiers of a given cistron that may bring forth. 0000000016 00000 n Equipment You will need the following: Two clear glasses/cups Sealable plastic bag Banana Blunt knife and teaspoon Plate/chopping board Measuring jug The type of RNA that helps in mRNA splicing is made by RNA polymerase ________. Therapeutic Lifestyle Changes for a Happier, Healthier and Longer Life. The point both 3 small test tubes and to investigate the cell nucleus to release the DNA. 0000008815 00000 n 0000011509 00000 n You share 50 percent of your DNA with each of your parents. endobj What You Need Banana Salt Warm water Liquid soap Blender Toothpicks Strainer Glass jar Rubbing alcohol Knife Here's How Throughout the entire experiment there were many possible ways that the ending result of the appearance of the DNA could have differed. How are native to assess its use banana dna extraction lab report conclusion! ma)e up the membra"es surrou"%#"g the ce$$ a"% "uc$eus. We use cookies on our website to give you the most relevant experience by remembering your preferences and repeat visits. Publisher: Arizona State University School of Life Sciences Ask A Biologist. Cells reproduce in part by passing deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) from parent cells to offspring cells. What does soap do when you wash your hands. Approximately 2ml of cold 95% ethanol was added into each test tube. Segments, or pieces, of DNA are called "genes." Hear Let this two-layer mixture sit for eight minutes. o/ H|9 O7ze~.p -s'NK SNlg7WO dq=}i43 The banana DNA was easy to see as it was a light pink/clear and it was chunky and had thick pieces when picked up with the skewer but it appeared shredded in the liquid. 0000002160 00000 n Avery and the other scientists discovered that DNA is the nucleic acid that stores and transmits the genetic information from one generation of an organism to the next. Video of this experiment can be found here: DN #s !ou"% #" the ce$$s o! Conclusion Purpose : This lab was conducted in order to show and analyze the way DNA is extracted. Learn more about Melissa Wilson Sayres' work with Monster DNA. In addition, there are four kinds of nitrogenous bases in DNA. 6. endobj Place the coffee filter in a clear glass cup, securing the top of the filter around the lip of the cup. Try to avoid making too much foam. 0000044903 00000 n DNA molecule exists in cells as a long coiled structure often described as a double helix. Each nucleotide has three parts: a deoxyribose molecule, a phosphate group, and a nitrogenous base. (2018, Feb 11). Look over some of the links provided and develop a hypothesis and design an experiment that will allow you to perform your own DNA extraction. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. Approximately 3ml of banana solution were dispenced into each test tube. DNA stands for deoxyribonucleic acid, which is a nucleic acid that contains the sugar deoxyribose. It does not store any personal data. Its natural shape is called a double helix and when seen under extremely high-powered microscopes, it looks kind of like a ladder twisted into a spiral shape. 3 For what purposes is DNA extraction done give at least 3 purposes for which you may need to extract DNA? The Essay on Human Genome Project Sequence Dna Information. xbbbd`b``3] Then a plastic pipette was filled with the filtrate two times and added to the alcohol. A probable reason for this harmony in order to life, Extracting Dna from Bananas. These cookies ensure basic functionalities and security features of the website, anonymously. The enzymes in softens the phospholipids in the cell membrane and denatures the DNAse Test 2 Amount of DNA extracted Figure 1. DNA extraction The concentrations of the extracted DNA was measured using the NanoPhotometer,UV/Vis spectrophotometer (Implen, munich, Germany) and the average concentration for 12 samples was 0.045g/l. For instance, the detergent or soap helps to break down the cells outer membrane, and the salt helps to separate the DNA from other materials in the cell. DNA extraction is integral to the process of genetic modification of plants. Breaking cells open to release the DNA. Sometimes it is hard to do all the work on your own. /SMask /None>> ASU - Ask A Biologist. By continuing well assume youre on board with our Materials for each group of students: Which is correct poinsettia or poinsettia? A very simple and inexpensive method for high-throughput DNA extraction from animal tissues has been developed. By clicking Accept All, you consent to the use of ALL the cookies. The Mendelian Revolution: The Emergence of Hereditarian Concepts in Modern Science and Society. During the DNA extraction, the soap pulls apart the fats (lipids) and proteins that make up the membranes surrounding the cell and nucleus. The DNA precipitates out of the solution when the alcohol is added. //= $post_title Three examples of why scientists might need to indentify DNA are for genetic testing, body identification, and analysis of forensic evidence. For instance, the detergent or soap helps to break down the cells outer membrane, and the salt helps to separate the DNA from other materials in the cell. JFIF d d C 166 0 obj <>stream Some of the protein is still present. 0. g of salt was added into flask SS. * Peter J. Bowler (1989). Mashing the banana exposes a greater surface area from which to extract the DNA. Retrieved from https://phdessay.com/extracting-dna-from-bananas/, Hire skilled expert and get original paper in 3+ hours, Run a free check or have your essay done for you, Didn`t find the right sample? About 60 percent of our genes have a recognizable counterpart in the banana genome! <> Get expert help in mere Lea being the main narrator, sat up on her knees, Inviting the audience In to listen and seemed more comforting and engaged, whereas Phil communicated with the audience with the. 0000045399 00000 n We understood how a buffer solutions disrupts the plasma membrane and releasing cellular components into the solution. Course Hero is not sponsored or endorsed by any college or university. Ef+\:IZy}r(| F @q!4}g' U-CBb8sxurgg$t@AumUg Sx}Pa=cWyyh>WikxqB(;I&dCf&7CgCr(zMQl`PL BXIfBk. 5) 0000044671 00000 n ASU - Ask A Biologist. This DNA extraction is simple and works every time but the DNA is not pure. * To observe the extraction of genomic DNA from plant cells. /SA true [/Pattern /DeviceRGB] Aim: To extract DNA from a banana using simple household items Hypothesis: DNA is found in the cells of every living organism. However, it is nice because the students get to see and hold in their hand the substance they have been studying that seems so abstract and hard to believe it even exists. In eukaryotic organisms, RNA most ofther carries the genetic information out of the nucleus, where chromosomes reside into the cytoplasm of the cell. ASU - Ask A Biologist, Web. Dietary Reference Intakes for Vitamin C . DNA Extraction Conclusion - Google Docs Spinach DNA Extraction REE: The results from our experiment have shown that we were not able to spool DNA from eukaryotic cells. DNA Extraction from Kiwifruit Student Instructions Introduction DNA is present in the cells of all living organisms. 1 0 obj Then the DNA can be precipitated, or come out of the solution, by adding alcohol. "Seeing DNA". Hypothesis: stream We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. xb``a``f Y800* @1*?./j Other uncategorized cookies are those that are being analyzed and have not been classified into a category as yet. endstream endobj 136 0 obj <>/Metadata 6 0 R/PieceInfo<>>>/Pages 5 0 R/PageLayout/OneColumn/StructTreeRoot 8 0 R/Type/Catalog/Lang( E N - U S)/LastModified(D:20081007164008)/PageLabels 3 0 R>> endobj 137 0 obj <>/ColorSpace<>/Font<>/ProcSet[/PDF/Text/ImageC]/ExtGState<>>>/Type/Page>> endobj 138 0 obj <> endobj 139 0 obj <> endobj 140 0 obj <> endobj 141 0 obj [/ICCBased 153 0 R] endobj 142 0 obj <>stream Water is a molecule of two hydrogen atoms and one oxygen atom (H2O)more. Materials: Extracting DNA from Bananas student handout 1 large banana 3/4 cups distilled . This cookie is set by GDPR Cookie Consent plugin. 20 milliliters (four teaspoons) of distilled water was then added to the mixture. Step 1. It also controls many of the features that make an organism unique. /Height 155 The banana DNA was circular and was very separated into many smaller pieces. DNA can be extracted and observed. 0000040917 00000 n The banana mixtures were cooled, the mushed again. All of the above steps are completed in the same manner for the banana DNA extraction except for the adding of water during the smashing of the fruit. 1. DNA provides a blueprint for an organisms growth and development. The salt enables the DNA strands to come together, or aggregate. Why or why not? For DNA polymerase to begin replication, the primer used in Sanger sequencing A.can have any nucleotide sequence B.will have a complementary sequence to the 3 end C.will have a. endobj 0000003809 00000 n All living things, bananas and people included, pass on information from one generation to the next using the same basic material, DNA. Genetic testing can best be defined as a process in which an individuals DNA is isolated and tested for the presence of specific genes or defects that could indicate the future onset of some disease. The cells in a sample are separated from each other, often by a physical means such as grinding or vortexing, and put into a solution containing salt. 20g of banana was added into each ziplock bag labeled 'Extraction 1' and 'Extraction 2' 3. /Length 8 0 R The actual DNA structure is seen as a double helix in which two strands are wound around each other. My averages of all three fruits range from a difference compared to the other fruit of 1.67, 0.33 and 2. trailer How does detergent help to break down DNA? Purpose : These cookies track visitors across websites and collect information to provide customized ads. Banana DNA Extraction Lab Name: _____ Objectives: Describe where DNA is located in a plant cell. f MATERIALS Fresh Bananas Droppers Water 70% rubbing alcohol 3 Plastic Bag (Ziplock) Salt Liquid Dish Soap Mixing bowl (Medium size) Measuring spoon Measuring cup 3 Beaker (Big and 7 0 obj dna-extraction-lab-report-banana-conclusion 2/7 Downloaded from kelliemay.com on October 4, 2022 by guest sprint against other world-class researchers to solve one of science's greatest mysteries gives a dazzlingly clear picture of a world of brilliant scientists with great gifts, very human ambitions, and bitter rivalries. So when seeing it without a high-poweredmicroscopewhat does DNA look like? Remove and discard the used coffee filter. Because DNA exists inside of cell and ultimately inside of the nucleus proteins must be denatured to locate the DNA. Essay. 0000005524 00000 n DNA is organized into genes and stores genetic information. Step 8: Pour the drained liquid into a glass. I. K International Publising House. Although concentrations were low, clear bands were still obtained from the amplifications. A water bath was prepared. /CreationDate (D:20220315063300+02'00') Advertisement cookies are used to provide visitors with relevant ads and marketing campaigns. DNA can be extracted and observed. endobj We do in fact share about 50% of our genes with plants including bananas. Bananas have 44.1% of genetic makeup in common with humans. Humans share 50% of our DNA with a banana.. HSj@WcczG]A)-84H$$`;:4yofRSLGiqU"M l 8cjzR. All of these instructions fit within tiny packages within our tiny cells, so that is all way too tiny for anyone to ever really see or touch, right? Experiment to purify DNA from fruit Bananas, kiwis and strawberries all work well. 0000004435 00000 n It is perhaps more amazing how a scientist discovers one. A.deletion B.duplication C.translocation D.transposition E.inversion 2 Which amino acid can sometimes be present at the P site without first. endstream endobj 165 0 obj <>/Size 135/Type/XRef>>stream The a$coho$ separates the DN !rom the other, ce$$ compo"e"ts' wh#ch are $e!t beh#"% #" the water, Do not sell or share my personal information, https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ew9-YGrgpWo. Variants of genes, called alleles, are responsible for differences in hair color, eye color, and earlobe shape. The ability to extract DNA is of primary importance to studying the genetic causes of disease and for the development of diagnostics and drugs. The sa$t e"ab$es the DN stra"%s to, The DN prec#p#tates out o! Then the salt and shampoo had to be dissolved into the mixture by stirring slowly by avoiding foaming. Place the banana pieces into a sealable plastic bag. A water bath was prepared. DNA extractions the surface of genetic engineering. Why is working with linked genes not simple? ->!W[wde@ =:| 8 :>ijzKO g9 Retrieved March 2, 2023 from https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Melissa Wilson Sayres. >> It is also essential for carrying out forensic science, sequencing genomes, detecting bacteria and viruses in the environment and for determining paternity. The test tubes were carefully handled to avoid shaking. In this study, we evaluate eight commonly used DNA extraction methods to determine their efficacy in PCR analysis across life stages and preservation . For more info, see, https://askabiologist.asu.edu/activities/banana-dna, Public Service and 1 ) Peel a banana and take about of it 2 ) In a ziplock bag , mash the banana until it is a liquid 3 ) Mix 20 m L of the extraction buffer with the banana liquid The goal of this lab is to extract the genetic material from an organism so that it can be seen with the naked eye . In the cytoplasm, the information in RNA is translated into proteins, which serve as the end products of most all genes. every $#v#"g orga"#sm. My hypothesis was correct for strawberries producing the most DNA followed by kiwis and than bananas last. (B) Banana Extraction 1. /4 When looking at DNA extraction,the key steps for isolating DNA from a plant cell or animal cell is to the solution is minimal remove the banana residue and transfer 5mL of the filtrate into a separate dry gas tube. This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. In this activity each material plays a specific role in helping to extract the DNA from the cells. /Producer ( Q t 5 . They produce molecules called proteins that do most of the work in the body. All living things including humans, plants (bananas!) The cookie is used to store the user consent for the cookies in the category "Other. Traditional methods include judging by phenotypes characteristics.